{"id":139,"date":"2020-02-03T08:53:23","date_gmt":"2020-02-03T07:53:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/redactologue.fr\/blog\/?p=139"},"modified":"2022-10-26T13:35:31","modified_gmt":"2022-10-26T11:35:31","slug":"op-cit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/redactologue.fr\/blog\/op-cit\/","title":{"rendered":"Op. cit. (opus citatum)\u00a0: le comprendre et l\u2019utiliser"},"content":{"rendered":"

Op. cit. est l\u2019abr\u00e9viation du terme opus citatum<\/i> que l\u2019on croise parfois, notamment dans les notes de bas de page d\u2019ouvrages scientifiques. En fait, c\u2019est une locution latine qui veut litt\u00e9ralement dire \u00ab\u00a0ouvrage cit\u00e9\u00a0\u00bb. On s\u2019en sert donc dans les notes de bas de page pour ne pas avoir \u00e0 r\u00e9\u00e9crire la r\u00e9f\u00e9rence compl\u00e8te d\u2019un ouvrage d\u00e9j\u00e0 cit\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Que signifie Opus Citatum (ou Op. Cit.)\u00a0?<\/h2>\n

En latin, Opus Citatum<\/i> signifie tout simplement \u00ab\u00a0ouvrage cit\u00e9\u00a0\u00bb. Dans les textes scientifiques, on doit constamment citer ses sources et rendre \u00e0 chaque auteur la paternit\u00e9 de ses id\u00e9es, sous peine de recevoir des accusations de plagiat.<\/p>\n

Parfois, votre travail de recherche utilisera un ouvrage en particulier plus que les autres. Vous serez alors amen\u00e9 \u00e0 citer \u00e0 de nombreuses reprises le livre ou l\u2019article scientifique en question. Plut\u00f4t que d\u2019avoir \u00e0 retaper le titre de l\u2019\u0153uvre \u00e0 chaque fois, vous pourrez simplement \u00e9crire opus citatum<\/i> ou Op. Cit. <\/i>Ainsi, vous gagnerez du temps pendant votre r\u00e9daction acad\u00e9mique<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Attention tout de m\u00eame \u00e0 ne pas oublier de pr\u00e9ciser le nom de l\u2019auteur. Ainsi, votre lecteur saura qu\u2019il doit chercher le titre de l\u2019\u0153uvre dans une pr\u00e9c\u00e9dente note de bas de page citant le m\u00eame auteur.<\/p>\n

Quand utiliser Opus citatum ?<\/h2>\n

Pour utiliser la locution latine opus citatum<\/i> et son abr\u00e9viation courante Op. Cit.<\/em>, vous devez \u00e9videmment avoir d\u00e9j\u00e0 cit\u00e9 l\u2019\u0153uvre dans une autre note de bas de page au moins une fois. Cette premi\u00e8re note de bas de page doit \u00e9videmment \u00eatre compl\u00e8te et respecter les r\u00e8gles en vigueur (nom de l\u2019auteur, titre de l\u2019\u0153uvre, nom de l\u2019\u00e9diteur, etc.).<\/p>\n

Par exemple\u00a0:<\/u><\/p>\n

PROUST, Marcel, Du c\u00f4t\u00e9 de chez Swan, Paris, Gallimard, 1988, 527 p. <\/b><\/p>\n

Quand vous avez cit\u00e9 l\u2019\u0153uvre une premi\u00e8re fois, vous pouvez alors \u00e9crire le nom de l\u2019auteur, suivi d\u2019Op. Cit. dans les prochaines r\u00e9f\u00e9rences \u00e0 l\u2019ouvrage. Souvent, on se retrouve \u00e0 citer plusieurs fois de suite la m\u00eame \u0153uvre pour \u00e9tudier, souligner ou analyser des passages en particulier\u00a0; on ajoute donc g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement la page \u00e0 laquelle se trouve l\u2019\u00e9l\u00e9ment auquel on fait r\u00e9f\u00e9rence.<\/p>\n

Par exemple\u00a0:<\/u><\/p>\n

PROUST, Marcel, op. cit.<\/i>, p.99<\/b><\/p>\n

G\u00e9n\u00e9ralement, si on ne cite pas le livre pendant plusieurs pages, on le cite \u00e0 nouveau dans une note de bas de page compl\u00e8te pour faciliter la lecture et la compr\u00e9hension.<\/p>\n

Quelle est la diff\u00e9rence entre Ibid. et Op. cit.\u00a0?<\/h2>\n

Op. Cit.<\/i> n\u2019est pas la seule abr\u00e9viation qui vous permettra de gagner un temps pr\u00e9cieux lors de la r\u00e9daction. L\u2019une des plus utilis\u00e9es, c\u2019est \u00e9videmment ibid.,<\/i> l\u2019abr\u00e9viation de la locution latine ibidem<\/i>, qui signifie litt\u00e9ralement\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0\u00e0 la m\u00eame place\u00a0\u00bb. On l\u2019utilise donc pour signaler qu\u2019une r\u00e9f\u00e9rence se trouve dans le m\u00eame ouvrage que celui que l\u2019on a d\u00e9j\u00e0 cit\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Alors, quelle est la diff\u00e9rence entre ibid. <\/i>et op. cit.\u00a0<\/i>? Elle est assez simple \u00e0 comprendre. On utilise ibid.<\/i> si et seulement si la r\u00e9f\u00e9rence imm\u00e9diatement pr\u00e9c\u00e9dente est la m\u00eame que celle que l\u2019on veut raccourcir. Par exemple, si votre quinzi\u00e8me et votre seizi\u00e8me note de bas de page font r\u00e9f\u00e9rence au m\u00eame livre, vous pouvez le citer enti\u00e8rement dans la quinzi\u00e8me et utiliser ibid<\/i>. (en ajoutant la page si n\u00e9cessaire) dans la seizi\u00e8me.<\/p>\n

Par exemple\u00a0:<\/u><\/p>\n

15. PROUST, Marcel, Du c\u00f4t\u00e9 de chez Swan, Paris, Gallimard, 1988, 527 p.<\/b><\/p>\n

16. ibid.<\/i> p.75<\/b><\/p>\n

En revanche, si une ou plusieurs autres r\u00e9f\u00e9rences se glissent entre les deux notes de bas de page citant le m\u00eame ouvrage, alors on utilisera op. cit.<\/i> en prenant soin de pr\u00e9ciser l\u2019auteur.<\/p>\n

Par exemple\u00a0:<\/u><\/p>\n

15.<\/b> PROUST, Marcel, Du c\u00f4t\u00e9 de chez Swan, Paris, Gallimard, 1988, 527 p.<\/b><\/p>\n

16.<\/b> ERMAN, Michel, \u00ab\u00a0Marcel Proust\u00a0\u00bb, M\u00e9dium n\u00b0\u00a050, 4 avril 2017, pp.\u00a090-102.<\/strong><\/p>\n

17.<\/b> Proust, Marcel, <\/b>Op. cit.<\/b><\/i>, p.69<\/b><\/p>\n

Op. cit. Ou Loc. Cit. ?<\/h2>\n

Loc. Cit.<\/i> est l\u2019abr\u00e9viation de la locution latine loco citato<\/i>, c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire \u00ab\u00a0\u00e0 l\u2019endroit cit\u00e9\u00a0\u00bb. On utiliser Loc. Cit.<\/i> exactement comme on utilise Op. Cit.<\/i>, mais uniquement si cette seconde r\u00e9f\u00e9rence au m\u00eame ouvrage se situe \u00e0 la m\u00eame page que la pr\u00e9c\u00e9dente.<\/p>\n

Une petite sp\u00e9cificit\u00e9 qui permet de gagner encore un peu plus de temps en s\u2019\u00e9pargnant la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 d\u2019indiquer le num\u00e9ro de page apr\u00e8s op. cit. <\/i>On la rencontre plus rarement, car les diff\u00e9rentes r\u00e9f\u00e9rences \u00e0 une m\u00eame \u0153uvre se trouvent souvent \u00e0 des pages diff\u00e9rentes quand on produit une analyse cons\u00e9quente.<\/p>\n

On retrouve aussi parfois toutes ces locutions latines et leurs abr\u00e9viations dans les textes de loi<\/a> ou les documents administratifs que vous croiserez forc\u00e9ment un jour dans votre vie.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Op. cit. est l\u2019abr\u00e9viation du terme opus citatum que l\u2019on croise parfois, notamment dans les notes de bas de page d\u2019ouvrages scientifiques. En fait, c\u2019est une locution latine qui veut litt\u00e9ralement dire \u00ab\u00a0ouvrage cit\u00e9\u00a0\u00bb. On s\u2019en sert donc dans les notes de bas de page pour ne pas avoir \u00e0 r\u00e9\u00e9crire la r\u00e9f\u00e9rence compl\u00e8te d\u2019un […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":140,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-139","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-methodologie-universitaire","entry-image--landscape"],"yoast_head":"\nOp. cit. 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(ibidem) : Le comprendre et l’utiliser","author":"Le R\u00e9dactologue","date":"2 mars 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"Lorsque vous r\u00e9digez un travail acad\u00e9mique, il est important de citer vos sources de mani\u00e8re pr\u00e9cise et professionnelle. L'un des termes les plus couramment utilis\u00e9s dans les citations est \"ibid.\". Mais que signifie ce terme et comment l'utiliser correctement dans vos travaux universitaires ? Que signifie ibid ? Ibidem (raccourci\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans "M\u00e9thodologie universitaire"","block_context":{"text":"M\u00e9thodologie universitaire","link":"https:\/\/redactologue.fr\/blog\/category\/methodologie-universitaire\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"ibid","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/redactologue.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/ibid.png?fit=642%2C364&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/redactologue.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/ibid.png?fit=642%2C364&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/redactologue.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/ibid.png?fit=642%2C364&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":115,"url":"https:\/\/redactologue.fr\/blog\/redaction-academique\/","url_meta":{"origin":139,"position":1},"title":"R\u00e9daction acad\u00e9mique : Les secrets d\u2019une bonne m\u00e9thodologie","author":"Le R\u00e9dactologue","date":"29 d\u00e9cembre 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Il est impossible d\u2019exceller pendant ses \u00e9tudes sup\u00e9rieures sans ma\u00eetriser l\u2019art de la r\u00e9daction acad\u00e9mique. Si vous \u00e9tudiez beaucoup sans ma\u00eetriser les r\u00e8gles m\u00e9thodologiques de votre cursus, vous ne pourrez jamais employer correctement vos connaissances. \u00c0 l\u2019inverse, un \u00e9l\u00e8ve moyen parviendra \u00e0 valider tous ses examens sans beaucoup d\u2019efforts s\u2019il\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans "M\u00e9thodologie universitaire"","block_context":{"text":"M\u00e9thodologie universitaire","link":"https:\/\/redactologue.fr\/blog\/category\/methodologie-universitaire\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"r\u00e9daction acad\u00e9mique","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/redactologue.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/pexels-cottonbro-5124850-scaled.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/redactologue.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/pexels-cottonbro-5124850-scaled.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/redactologue.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/pexels-cottonbro-5124850-scaled.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/redactologue.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/pexels-cottonbro-5124850-scaled.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/redactologue.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/pexels-cottonbro-5124850-scaled.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":174,"url":"https:\/\/redactologue.fr\/blog\/infra-signification\/","url_meta":{"origin":139,"position":2},"title":"Infra\u00a0: signification et utilisation","author":"Le R\u00e9dactologue","date":"6 avril 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"En tant que pr\u00e9fixe, infra vient du latin signifiant \u00ab\u2009au-dessous\u2009\u00bb. Ainsi, on le retrouve dans des mots courants comme infrarouge (les couleurs sous le rouge dans le spectre lumineux), infrastructure, etc. Cependant, on peut aussi utiliser infra comme un adverbe ou un nom dans certaines conditions. Explications. Quel est le\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans "Les r\u00e8gles du Fran\u00e7ais"","block_context":{"text":"Les r\u00e8gles du Fran\u00e7ais","link":"https:\/\/redactologue.fr\/blog\/category\/les-regles-du-francais\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"infra et supra","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/redactologue.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Capture-decran-2023-08-06-200512.jpg?fit=784%2C375&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/redactologue.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Capture-decran-2023-08-06-200512.jpg?fit=784%2C375&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/redactologue.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Capture-decran-2023-08-06-200512.jpg?fit=784%2C375&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/redactologue.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Capture-decran-2023-08-06-200512.jpg?fit=784%2C375&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":123,"url":"https:\/\/redactologue.fr\/blog\/volontier-ou-volontiers\/","url_meta":{"origin":139,"position":3},"title":"Volontiers ou volontier\u00a0: comment \u00e7a s\u2019\u00e9crit\u00a0?","author":"Le R\u00e9dactologue","date":"6 janvier 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"Si le mot \u00ab\u00a0volontiers\u00a0\u00bb peut d\u00e9signer l\u2019entrain et le bon c\u0153ur avec lequel ils nous arrivent tous de nous atteler \u00e0 une t\u00e2che, son orthographe surprend parfois. Ce S final qui ne se prononce jamais, mais s\u2019\u00e9crit toujours, ne semble pas simple. 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En fran\u00e7ais, on parle aussi de r\u00e9f\u00e9rencement naturel et d\u2019optimisation de contenu. 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